Saturated hydrocarbons are molecules that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are called "saturated" because each carbon atom is bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens possible. This means that they cannot bond with any other atoms or molecules.
On the other hand, unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds or triple bonds. These bonds mean that each carbon atom is not bonded to the maximum number of hydrogens possible. This allows them to react with other molecules and add more atoms or functional groups to the molecule.
Overall, the main difference between unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons is the presence of double or triple bonds between carbon atoms in unsaturated hydrocarbons, which gives them more reactivity than saturated hydrocarbons.
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